Showing posts with label Oxford Dictionaries. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Oxford Dictionaries. Show all posts

Sunday, January 1, 2017

From Adulting to Textalyzer, via Hygge, Lemmium and Post-Truth: the best official new words of 2016


First of all, a very Happy New Year to everyone. I hope we leave behind the mostly miserable twelve months that was 2016 and step over into the next twelve with better things to look forward to.


In one respect at least, though, 2016 was a good year. It was a good year for new words and a number of them have officially passed into the English language by being accepted into the leading dictionaries. Here are a few of my favourites.

Adulting
Behaving in a responsible and mature way, particularly in regard to the accomplishment of mundane or boring tasks. Also used ironically on social media to highlight behaviour the user actually considers to be childish.

Brexiteer
The mix of ‘Britain’ and ‘exit’ to form Brexit, but in this case to denote someone who supports the UK leaving the European Union. Follows on from ‘Grexit’ with regard to Greece’s membership of the EU.

Clicktivism
Someone who limits their political or societal activism to signing online petitions rather than taking any real-world action.

Coulrophobia
A fear of clowns. People dressed as sinister clowns have been responsible for some serious attacks during 2016, so it's hardly surprising that this word has made the list. The word comes from the Greek kōlobatheron, meaning ‘stilt’ from kolon, ‘limb’, after the fact clowns are sometimes seen on stilts.

Earworm
A song that, regardless of whether you like it or not, gets into your head and stays there, going round and round, all day. It was also the title of a short story I did for the CRIME + MUSIC anthology.

Glass cliff
I’ve found two slightly differing definitions of ‘glass cliff’. One is where a woman or member of a minority group takes up a leadership position under difficult circumstances or where the likelihood of failure is high. The other is for a woman to be selected for a leadership position because the likelihood of failure is high.

HTTP 451
An error code indicating a web page blocked by censorship or a takedown notice. In reference to Ray Bradbury’s novel FAHRENHEIT 451, it can be used by sites to make a computer-friendly political statement.

Hygge
A Danish word to denote a state of happiness and contentment, usually brought about by a roaring log fire, lit candles, warm drinks, and hand-knitted socks. Pronounced something like "HUE-gah".

Lemmium
This was the proposed name for new volatile superheavy chemical element, 115, in honour of Lemmy Kilmister. Lemmy, who died in 2015, was the legendary frontman of heavy metal band, Motörhead. Sadly for fans, the Russians insisted on muscovium instead.

Listicle
An article that takes the form of a list. (Ahem…)

Optic boom
A flash produced when electrons move faster than light, similar to the sonic boom produced by supersonic jets as the break the sound barrier. Physicists believe that it is possible to break the ‘light barrier’ in graphene sheets. The discovery could spark development of optical circuits a million times faster than silicon chips.

Post-truth
This word was Word of the Year 2016 according to Oxford Dictionaries, and has seen a sharp rise in popularity over the past year, despite having been in use for more than a decade. It means ‘relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief’. With the various elections and referenda that have taken place during 2016, the spike in usage of post-truth is perhaps not surprising …

Quintastic
A merger of the prefix ‘quin’ with ‘fantastic’, used to refer to a fifty-something person who remains smart, energetic, sexy, and successful. Particularly used in relation to someone famous.

Stentrode
An electrode slipped into a cranial blood vessel through a catheter. By transmitting brain signals, it could allow quadriplegics to operate an exoskeleton.

Textalyzer
A gadget that would enable the police to test your phone to see if you were texting before a car crash. As yet, though, it is not designed to gather private information, only whether the phone was in use at the time of the accident.




Thursday, November 21, 2013

Word of the Year

This week no less an august body than the Oxford Dictionaries released their official Word of the Year.  I’m not going to keep you in suspense; the word is selfie.  It won against a tough field including such hot contenders as twerk.  I had no idea what the word meant, but I felt a good guess would be a person who is self-centered – maybe a selfish yuppie?  (I bet yuppie would have been a contender in its day.)  Well, there may be a narcissistic aspect to it, but actually a selfie is a photo you take of yourself.

Barry Hall's wonderful cartoon for the Word of the Year
In case you aren’t taking this seriously, I can assure you the selection process is quite strenuous.  Words are suggested, crawlers collect evidence working their way through websites, blogs, Facebook pages, sifting for new words which are used on multiple occasions.  Eventually a short list is obtained and investigated by a committee (of humans).  This year, it seemed that a consensus was reached rapidly and selfie was the clear winner.  I think what swung it for them was Michelle Obama taking a selfie of herself and her dog, and the pope involved in one.  (I have to say the argument seems weak to me; there is no evidence that Michelle used the word selfie to describe what she was doing, and the pope wasn’t even holding the camera.  But still.)

Michelle with Bo.  Pretty good selfie!
 
Not that taking a selfie is a recent idea; here the grand duchess Anastasia takes one circa 1914 using a Kodak Brownie and a mirror.  It’s the word that’s recent.

An early, but not very good, selfie
To be chosen, the word doesn’t have to be new.  In fact it may require some time to develop traction.  With dictionatorial thoroughness, the Oxford team investigates the word’s etymology, popularity, and earliest usage.  (Dictionatorial, of course, is not a word.  But if enough of us use it over the next year or so it could be in with a chance.)  Given the Australian love of diminutives, it isn’t too surprising that the judges tracked selfie’s first use down to a blog from the antipodes.  I’m grateful that they didn’t provide the selfie itself:

"Um, drunk at a mates 21st, I tripped ofer (sic) and landed lip first (with front teeth coming a very close second) on a set of steps.  I had a hole about 1 cm long right through my bottom lip. And sorry about the focus, it was a selfie."

The word comes into its own
With an introduction like that, you could tell the word was headed for the big time.  Still, there was competition.  Here’s the short list.  See how many you know or can guess the meaning:

             bedroom tax, noun, informal
·         binge-watch, verb
·         bitcoin, noun
·         olinguito, noun (There should be a prize for guessing this one.  How about a Kubu T-shirt for the best suggested meaning that ISN’T correct?)
·         schmeat, noun, informal
·         showrooming, noun (My personal favorite.  Don’t let your bookstore catch you at this!)
·         twerk, verb

This, of course, is NOT a selfie
By the way, last year’s winner was omnishambles.  That one I love!  (This post is a bit late because I was at the university about to post it when the power went off.  Their idea of a backup generator is a man with a flashlight.  A graduation ceremony was in progress.  It was an omnishambles!)

Selfie was added to the Oxford Dictionaries Online in August after the photo with the pope went viral, but is not yet in the Oxford English Dictionary.  Well, you have to draw the line somewhere.

Michael – Thursday.
You can find the meanings of the short listed words HERE.