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Telendos, Southeast Aegean Sea
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Saturday–Jeff
I can tell that Greece's tourist season is well under way from the number of
questions I'm getting from friends, fans and frequent flier types seeking
information on which Greek islands to visit. It's a daunting question because
one person's paradise can be another's purgatory. That's why any answer I
offer is generally accompanied by this observation: If you don't like the
island you're on, jump on a ferry and head to another because there so many of
them."
My life on the recommendation front has become significantly
simpler since coming across an article titled, "How
Many Greek Islands Are There?" published a year ago by the team at the
wonderful "GREECE IS" online magazine. Now, rather than reinventing
the wheel, or listing a bibliography of several well regarded in depth sources,
I simply refer to that article.
Today, I decided to spread the word in a post on Murder is
Everywhere so that when asked THE question I can simply point to this post--a
convenience that benefits us all.
So, here you have it, an unexpurgated copy of Greece Is's May 5,
2023 succinct overview of Greece's eight archipelagos groups comprised of
roughly 6000 or so islands and islets, of which approximately 227 are
inhabited.
The Greek islands are among the world’s most popular tourist
destinations, but have you ever wondered how many there are? And how they're
grouped?
Renowned for their rugged beauty, rich cultural heritage, and
laidback way of life, the Greek islands have, in many ways, become
synonymous with the country of Greece itself. After all, when people conjure up
images of Greece, they often picture one of its many islands set against the
sapphire blue waters of the Mediterranean Sea. But here’s the question: how
many islands are there? And how are they grouped?
According to the Greek National Tourism Organization (GNTO), the
country includes 6,000 islands and islets scattered across the Aegean and
Ionian Seas, comprising a total land area of approximately 20,000 square
kilometers. Of these, only around 227 are inhabited, with the rest being
either uninhabited or periodically used for agriculture (including herding and
grazing), fishing, and tourism.
The geography of the islands is varied, ranging from rocky and
barren landscapes to lush, green forests and sandy beaches. Some of the islands
are volcanic in origin, with Santorini being the most famous example.
The majority of islands are relatively small, with only a few exceptions
like Crete, which is the largest and most populous island in Greece
(over 630,000 year-round inhabitants), and Evia (190,000), which is connected
to the mainland via a short bridge.
Oia, Santorini. One of the world's most famous
sunsets. ©Perikles Merakos
In terms of biomass, the Greek islands are home to a diverse range
of flora and fauna. The Mediterranean climate of the islands is ideal for
the growth of olives, citrus fruits, and grapevines, which are widely
cultivated in the region, and have been for thousands of years. The islands are
also home to a number of endemic species, including the Cretan goat (Kri-kri)
and the famous mastic
trees of Chios.
The Greek islands have been inhabited since prehistoric times, with
evidence of earliest permanent settlements dating back to the Neolithic period
in the 7th millennium BC, when early farmers migrated from the east. The
prehistoric settlement of Poliochni,
located on the east coast of Limnos in the North Aegean,
is widely believed to be the oldest “city” in Europe. The ancient Greeks
believed that the islands were home to a number of gods and goddesses, and they
played an important role in Greek mythology. According to the late 8th-early
7th century BC poet Hesiod, the goddess of love, Aphrodite, was born from
the “sea-foam” off Kythira, the southernmost Ionian island (another version of
the myth says she was born off the coast of Paphos, Cyprus).
Today, the islands are among the world’s most popular tourist
destinations, attracting millions of visitors each year with their picturesque
landscapes, historic sites, and vibrant culture. Despite their popularity among
tourists, many of the Greek islands retain their traditional way of life,
with small fishing villages and farming communities still playing an important
role in the local economy. Some of the smaller, less-visited islands offer a
glimpse into this traditional way of life, with narrow streets, whitewashed
buildings, and local festivals that celebrate the islands’ cultural heritage.
Hydra ©Shutterstock
THE ISLAND GROUPS
The Greek islands are traditionally grouped into eight
archipelagos, each with their own unique character.
ARGOSARONIC
Closest to Athens are the seven small islands of the Argolic and
Saronic Gulfs, running down the eastern coastline of the Peloponnese. Grouped
together as the “Argosaronic islands,” they consist of Salamina, Aegina, Agistri,
Dokos, Poros, Hydra,
and Spetses.
Home to picturesque villages and some wonderful beaches, the
islands have become quite cosmopolitan over the years, attracting writers,
artists and musicians. They have also become well known in the yachting world,
Spetses hosting an annual regatta. Hydra has also famously banned all but a
handful of “wheeled vehicles” on the island, including cars, motorbikes, and
even bicycles (mules, donkeys, and sea taxis provide the only public
transportation).
Santorini
©Shutterstock
CYCLADES
The Cyclades, meaning “circular islands,” is arguably the most
famous island complex in the Aegean, comprising some of the most beautiful (and
romantic!) islands on the planet. The “flagship” of this archipelago,
which consists of 220 mostly uninhabited islands and islets, is
undoubtedly Santorini, famed for its stunning blue-domed churches,
whitewashed buildings, and breathtaking views of the Aegean Sea. Other popular
islands include Mykonos, known for its lively nightlife and picturesque
windmills, Milos, for its mind-blowingly beautiful beaches,
and Tinos, which is fast becoming a top destination for food-lovers.
Check out our A-to-Z Guide to the Cycladic islands here.
Balos
Beach, Crete ©Shutterstock
CRETE
The largest Greek island by both area and population is Crete,
which proudly stands alone in its own category, stretched out in the far south
of the Aegean. Over the years, Crete has become a hugely popular
destination for families and outdoor enthusiasts, offering everything from
hiking trails, cycling and climbing, to swimming, snorkeling and windsurfing.
Its rich cultural heritage, including the world famous Palace
of Knossos, heart of the mysterious Bronze Age
Minoan civilization, makes it the ideal destination for archaeology buffs.
Crete is also a fabulous destination for foodies. It’s often said that Crete’s
greatest treasure is its cuisine,
which includes all kinds of weird and wonderful things like “burbling
snails”!
The Street of Knights in Old Town of Rhodes ©Clairy
Moustafellou
DODECANESE
Nestled in the southeast corner of the Aegean, touted by the GNTO
as the “sunniest corner in Greece,” are the Dodecanese islands. This
complex includes 15 larger islands (confusingly, the name Dodecanese
means “twelve islands”) and 93 smaller, mostly uninhabited islets.
Home to some of the best beaches in Greece, as well as some of the
country’s most spectacular historical monuments, the most famous island
is Rhodes,
known for its medieval Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The
northernmost island of the group, Patmos, is renowned as the place where
St. John wrote the Book
of Revelations. Thanks to the venerable presence of the
Monastery of St. John, the island has shunned the noisy night-life and madding
crowds that have taken over elsewhere.
If you can’t decide whether you’d rather go to the mountains or the
beach, then Karpathos is just the place for you. One of the most
remote islands in the Dodecanese, it’s a place of contrasts, with lush green
mountaintops and beaches with crystal-clear waters.
Check out our A-to-Z Guide to the Dodecanese islands here.
Lichadonisia,
Evia ©Shutterstock
EVIA
Another stand-alone, Evia (or Euboea), Greece’s second largest
island, doesn’t really feel like an island at all. Connected to the mainland by
a suspension bridge over the narrow Euripus Strait (40m wide at its narrowest
point), the elongated island, which means “land of the well-fed oxen,”
nevertheless boasts some amazing beaches, rustic villages, and hiking
trails, which meander through spectacular, rugged landscapes.
Popular with Athenians wanting to escape the city, one of the
island’s chief attractions is its easy accessibility (no ferry required), as
well as the fact that it flies under the radar of most foreign visitors. For
those willing to explore this island, there are plenty of charming elements, no
least its quiet coastal towns, with guesthouses, tavernas and promenades
for leisurely walks.
Click here for
a local’s guide to Evia.
Zakynthos
©Shutterstock
IONIAN
Scattered off the western coastline of mainland Greece are the
Ionian islands, comprising seven main islands (from north to south:
Corfu, Paxi, Lefkada, Ithaki (Ithaca), Kefalonia, Zakynthos (Zante), and
Kythira), and around 20 smaller, mainly uninhabited islets.
As cliché as it sounds, there is something for everyone in the
Ionian islands, renowned for their beautiful natural landscapes, beaches,
caves, waterfalls, and rich, historical traditions. The most famous
is Corfu, the “grande dame” of the Ionian. From the narrow “kantounia”
streets to the wide pavements, and from Spianada to the pedestrian street of
Liston, reminiscent of San Marco square in Venice, the city of Corfu, a
UNESCO World Heritage Site, offers limitless visual appeal for history buffs
and culture lovers.
Easy-to-get-to Lefkada, further south, can reached by simply
driving across a causeway. Known for its wide sandy beaches and turquoise seas,
Lefkada is a great destination for beginner sailors, thanks to its steady and
predictable wind patterns. Zakynthos is a beautiful island that is
known for its stunning Blue Caves and Shipwreck Beach, which are some of the
most photographed spots in Greece. The island is also home to a variety of
wildlife, including loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) and monk seals
(Monachus monachus).
Click here for
our whistle-stop guide to the Ionian islands.
Molivos,
Lesvos ©Shutterstock
NORTH AEGEAN
Within touching distance of Turkey, the loose group of islands in
the North Aegean include seven principal islands (Samos, Ikaria, Chios,
Lesvos, Limnos, Thasos, and Samothrace) and a cluster of smaller ones
(including Aghios Efstratios, Psara, Fournoi, Oinousses, Aghios
Minas, Antipsara, Thymaina, and Samiopoula).
Famous for its citrus trees (amazing tangerines!) and
mastic, Chios is a combination of many islands in one, boasting
rustic villages and fragrant orchards that go on for miles. The complex is also
home to the island of Ikaria, famed for its unspoiled beauty and
traditional way of life of life. The islanders are also known for their
longevity, with a staggeringly high percentage of centenarians among them. The
large island of Lesvos is interesting for its architecture and exuberant
gastronomy (olive oil, sardines, and the home of ouzo).
Skiathos
©Shutterstock
SPORADES
The smallest archipelago of Greek islands is the (Northern)
Sporades group, located along the east coast of the mainland and northeast of
Evia. The tightly-packed group consists of 24 islands in total, but only
four are permanently inhabited: Alonnisos, Skiathos, Skopelos and Skyros.
Boasting beautiful sandy beaches, luxury hotels, and protected bays
filled with yachts, the Sporades are especially popular for families looking
for that fun, hassle-free vacation by the sea. It’s also home to
Mediterranean’s largest marine park – the National Marine Park of
Alonissos Northern Sporades, established for the protection and conservation of
the region’s many rare and endangered species of flora and fauna, including the
reclusive Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus).
Click here for
our bumper guide to the Sporades.
I hope this helps you to find your own bit of
paradise in Greece.
––Jeff